Ar-pi-uck-i, also known as Abiaka or Sam Jones,[1] (c. 1760 – c. 1860) was a powerful spiritual alektca (medicine chief) and war chief of the Miccosukee,[2] a Seminole–Muscogee Creek tribe of the Southeast United States. Ar-pi-uck-i successfully defied the U.S. government and refused to remove to the Indian Territory west of the Mississippi and his influential leadership in the Second Seminole War (1835–1842) resulted in the permanent Native American presence in Florida.

The phonetic spelling of his name varies to include: Aripeka,[3][4][5] Aripeika,[6] Opoica,[7] Arpeika,[8] Abiaka,[9] Apiaka,[10] Apeiaka,[10] Appiaca,[10] Appiacca,[11] Apayaka Hadjo (Crazy Rattlesnake).[12] The name is derivative of the Muscogee word, Abihka, the name of an ancient Muscogee town near the upper Coosa River, meaning “pile at the base” or “heap at the root.” The name was conferred on the town because “in the contest for supremacy its warriors heaped up a pile of scalps, covering the base of the war-pole.”[10]